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In an eight-year battle over Renewable Identification Numbers (RINS), refiners have failed to get much relief from their RIN obligations. ...

For the first time, US refiners are being challenged to meet the EPA's Tier 3 10-ppm sulfur gasoline specification while ...

There is much confusion in the refining industry on whether and how $billions/year of Renewable Identification Number (RIN) expenses are ...

As gasoline demand increases, a new specification is increasing gasoline prices. The specification, called the Tier 3 Standard, limits gasoline ...

It has been proven the pricing of D4 RINs follows basic economic and asset pricing theory. In 2020, the theory ...

This chart shows, in green, the price of D4 RINs traded from 2011 through March 2021: The black line represents ...

Here's Tom Kloza's latest writeup on Tier 3 and sulfur credit prices: *********** 2021-03-09 04:50:16 EST ***Tier 3 Sulfur Gasoline ...

This Q&A appeared in the journal PTQ Catalysis March 15, 2021: Q: Is there a route for post-treating gasoline with ...

This Q&A appeared in the journal PTQ Catalysis, March 15, 2021: Q: Is there a route for post-treating gasoline with ...

This week Tier 3 gasoline sulfur credits traded over $1,000 / million ppm-gallon. That's 5 times higher than the bottom ...

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